Which type of bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal, involving the transfer of electrons?
Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding
Metallic bonding
Intermolecular forces
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WhyIonic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom, forming oppositely charged ions that attract.
2Multiple choice · Easy
What happens to the arrangement of particles when a solid melts into a liquid?
They become close together but able to move past each other
They move far apart and travel quickly in all directions
They stop moving completely
They join together to form larger particles
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WhyIn a solid the particles are in fixed positions; in a liquid they are close together but can move past one another, so they are no longer in a fixed arrangement.
3Multiple choice · Easy
Which of these substances is a giant covalent structure?
Diamond
Carbon dioxide
Water
Sodium
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WhyDiamond is a giant covalent structure where every carbon atom is bonded to four others in a continuous lattice. The others are simple molecules or a metal.
4Multiple choice · Easy
Why can metals conduct electricity?
They contain delocalised electrons that are free to move
They contain ions that vibrate in fixed positions
They are made of small molecules
They have strong covalent bonds
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WhyMetals have delocalised electrons that are free to move through the structure and carry charge.
5Multiple choice · Easy
What is the state symbol used for a substance dissolved in water?
(aq)
(l)
(s)
(g)
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WhyThe state symbol (aq) means aqueous, that is dissolved in water. (s) is solid, (l) is liquid, (g) is gas.
6Fill in the blank · Easy
A bond formed when two non-metal atoms share a pair of electrons is called a bond.
Answer:
covalent
WhyCovalent bonds form between non-metal atoms when they share pairs of electrons.
7Multiple choice · Medium
Sodium chloride (NaCl) does not conduct electricity when solid but does when molten. Why?
When molten the ions are free to move and carry charge
When molten it gains delocalised electrons
When molten the covalent bonds break
When solid the ions have no charge
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WhyIn the solid the ions are held in fixed positions, but when molten the ions are free to move and carry charge.
8Multiple choice · Medium
Which statement best explains why simple molecular substances such as CO2 have low melting points?
The weak intermolecular forces between molecules are easily overcome
The covalent bonds inside the molecules are weak
The molecules contain delocalised electrons
The molecules are held by ionic bonds
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WhyMelting only requires the weak intermolecular forces between molecules to be overcome, not the strong covalent bonds within molecules.
9Multiple choice · Medium
An alloy is harder than a pure metal because:
Atoms of different sizes distort the layers so they cannot slide easily
Alloys contain more delocalised electrons
Alloys are held together by covalent bonds
Alloys have a lower melting point
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WhyDifferent sized atoms in an alloy distort the regular layers, making it harder for them to slide over each other.
10Multiple choice · Medium
Which formula represents the ionic compound magnesium chloride?
MgCl2
MgCl
Mg2Cl
MgCl3
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WhyMagnesium forms Mg2+ and chloride forms Cl-, so two chloride ions balance one magnesium ion, giving MgCl2.
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